IN THE HON’BLE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT
ALLAHABAD
*********
CIVIL
MISC. WRIT PETITION NO. 4003 OF 2006
(Under
Article 226 of the Constitution of India)
DISTRICT,
ALLAHABAD
Harchetan Branhchari Ji
Mahraj, Sri Paramnand Ashram, Teakar
Mafi,Amathi, District Sultanpur at Present Residing at Jhoosi, Post Jhoosi,
Dist. Allahabad
………………………………………………………………….Petitioner.
Versus
1. State of U. P. through
Secretary,Environment, Government of U. P.
Secretariat, Lucknow (U. P.)
2. The Commissioner, Allahabad
Division, Allahabad.
3. The Collector, Allahabad,
Dist. Allahabad.
4. The Mala Officer Incharge,
Magh Mela, Allahabad.
5. State Board for Prevantation
and control of water Pollution through its Chairmen ……………………..Respondents
To,
The Hon’ble The Chief Justice and his Lordship’s
other companion Judges of this Hon’ble Court.
The humble
application of the applicant submits the report in the matter of Ganga
Pollution as under:-
REPORT OF Yogesh Kumar
Saxena, Special Officer, GANGA pollution matter HIGH POWER COMMITTEE OF
ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT Ex. Senior Vice President Advocate’s Association High
Court Allahabad FOLLOWED BY SPOT INSPECTION OF THE HIGH POWER COMMITTEE
CONVENED AT SANGAM
1.
In Bijoe Emmanu That Ganga water has an
unique, physico/chemical characteristic, which in suitable for the
proliferation on of a bacteria needed to complete the reproductive cycle of the
Bacteriophages present in its water. No river evokes such feeling in the human
mind as the Ganga does. The very name “Ganga” conjures of picture of a
holiness’ of peace and joy’ of beauty land sweetness of all that is uplifting
in the mind in the mind of Hindu. It is a meeting point for both the rich and
poor, who believe that it a divine route to heaven. The spiritual sanctity of the
water of River Ganga, deeply associated with the rituals and custom of Hindu
philosophy, regarding its great traditions; and simultaneously emergence of the
dead body or its ashes in holy water.
2. el Vs. state of Kerala (1986) 3 SCC 615 , the question raised in the
aforesaid case as to whether three children who were faithful to Jehovah’s
witnesses may refuse to sing any national anthem or salute the national flag of
our country despite being the student in the school where during morning
assembly the national anthem is sung by other children the circular issued by
the director of public instruction Kerala provide obligation of school
children to National Anthem .Thus these
children were expelled. The Hon’ble Supreme court, while setting aside the
aforesaid order of expulsion of the children from the school, was pleased to
examine; as to whether the children faithful to Jehovah’s witnesses, a
worldwide sect of Christianity may be compelled against tenets of their
religious faith duly recognized and well established all over the world which
was upheld by the highest court in United States of America, Australia and
Canada and find recognition in Encyclopedia Britannica. The verdict given by the
Hon’ble Apex Court with regard to the “Right Of Conscience” in our great country, having unity in diversity of
every religion is relevant for the protection of the Fundamental Rights
Guaranteed to Hindu Pilgrimage assembled from through out the world during
Ardh-Kumbha festival at Sangam, is relevant for issuance of strict guidelines
to the State Govt. on account of breach of undertaken given by State Govt.
before this Hon’ble court.
3.
That Article 25 of the constitution if India secures to every person,
subject of course to public order, health and morality and other provisions of
Part III, including Article 17 freedom to entertain and exhibit outward acts as
well as propagate and disseminate such religious belief according to its
conscience for edification of others. The right of the State to impose such
restrictions as are desired or found necessary on grounds of public order,
health and morality is inbuilt in Arts. 25 and 26 itself. Article 25(2)(b)
ensures the right of the State to make a law providing for social welfare and
reforms besides throwing open of Hindu religious institutions of a public
character to classes and Sections of
Hindus and any such rights of State or of the communities or classes of the
society were also considered to need due regulation in the process of
harmonizing the various rights. The vision of the founding fathers of the
Constitution to liberate the society from blind and ritualistic adherence to
mere traditional superstitious beliefs sans reason or rational basis has found
expression in the form of Art. 17. The protection under Arts. 25 and 26
extends a guarantee for rituals and observances, ceremonies and modes of
worship which are integral parts of religion but as to what really constitutes
an essential part of religion or religious practice has to be decided by the
courts with reference to the doctrine of a particular religion or practices
regarded as parts of religion.
4.
Article 48- A of the Constitution provides
that the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to
safeguard the forests and wild life of the country. Article 51- A of the
Constitution imposes as one of the fundamental duties on every citizen the duty
to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes,
rivers, and wild life and to have compassion for living creatures. The
proclamation adopted by the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment
that took place at Stockholm from June 5 to 16, 1972 and in which the Indian
delegation led by the Prime Minister of India took a leading role.
5.
That the constitutional obligation
issued effective orders to ensure the protection of the environment and to
provide a check to the spreading pollution and thereby non compliance of
anti-pollution low and the infringement thereof result in spreading of
pollution and thereby degradation of
ecology (Indian Council for Environ-legal Action versus Union of India
in 1996(V)SCC-281).
6.
That the coliform count (measure of
human/animal bacteria) in the Ganges is in some places 140,000, 23,000 and
43,000. The highest count should not be above 500 for the water in the
considered safe. The Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand (measures organic waste) in
some places along the Ganges in 36, 75 and 64. The safest required level of
Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand should not exceed 3.
7.
That some 300 million gallons of
waste go into the Ganges each day and the effects are stunning recent water
samples collected in Varanasi revealed fecal-coliform counts of about 50,000
bacteria per 100 milliliters of water. 10,000% higher than the government
standard for safe river bathing. The result of this pollution is an array of
water-home diseases including cholera, hepatitis, typhoid and amoebic
dysentery. An estimated 80% of all health problems and one-third of deaths in
India are attributable to water-borne in diseases.
8.
That the undertaking given on
behalf of the State Govt. for release of 1,000 cusec water from Narora w.e.f.
10.12.2006 regularly on day-to-day basis upto 16.2.2007 has been flouted. It is
submitted that by an order dated 15.11.2006 followed by the meeting held on
26.11.2006, it was brought during the course of deliberation the technical
committee which was formulated earlier, deliberated the various pros and cons
with regard to the aforesaid release and the appropriate steps were directed to
be taken to seek full coordination and cooperation from the State of
Uttaranchal.
9. That
in this regard the report submitted by the authority during the discussion of
high level committee has in itself admitted that although the date of the
release of water from Narora was allegedly changed from 10th
December, 2006 to 14th December, 2006 for release of 1000 cusecs of
water and it was further assured that from 23 December 2006 there shall be the
release of 1500 cusecs of water released. This was assured as the emergent steps
taken for ensuring the trust of the pilgrimage assembling for taking the holy
dip inside the water river Ganga Ji on PURNIMA BATHE of the spiritually
connected Sanyasi, who have denounced the worldly affairs in the search of the
ceremonial rituals as to step up for spiritual enlightenment.
10.
That upto 2nd January, 2007 and
till the time of taking the dip in side the water of holy Ganga at 8.30 A.M.,
there was not the sufficient water even for taking the dip by the religious
persons and the colour of water was greenish black and as such 45% of the
pilgrimage have declined to take dip at Sangam. These people have assembled
from the different corner of the country and inspite the claim of having the
bathe taken by around 15 Lacs pilgrimage out of 60 Lacs people assembled there,
there was hardly 50000 – 60000 people who have actually taken the bathe.
11.
That
the reason for non-supply of the water was that although, it was claimed that
the water was released from Narora to the tune of 1000 cusec from 14th
December, 2006, but the water was consumed at Kamla Nehru and Kisanganj canals.
It was also found that 600 cusec of remaining water was consumed at Dalmau and
as such, instead of maintaining the supply of the water to the tune of 1000
cusec w.e.f. 14.12.2006 and 1500 cusec of water since 23rd December
2006, no such water was made available during KUMBH FESTIVAL to its pilgrimage
assembled from the different corner of the country.
12.
That the other direction given by the Hon’ble
Court as to maintain the quality of the water free from the effluents. It was
directed that no effluent be thrown directly inside river Ganges during night
and unchecked hours. It is submitted that the sewage and silage providing the
water injurious for the health of individual taken dip inside river Ganga for
auspicious blessing was supplied through Mori Gate Nala and Salori Nala even
during the day time. The proposed tapping of the polluted water was still a
dream, inspite the directions issued by this Hon’ble Court in the judgement
given on 11.1.2005 in the Public Interest Litigation bearing writ petition no.
654 of 2005 (Sri Daya Shanker mishra Advocate Vs, State of U.P. and others).
For the kind perusal the relevant paragraphs is reproduced as under :-
“ (ii) As far as drainage, sewerage
water is concerned Authorities may ensure for their temporary storage, if and
as far as possible during aforesaid period in Clause (i). Effluent treatment
plant, not in working condition, if belong to State Government/ Corporation
etc. under article 12, Constitution of India, they shall be made functional
without raising excuse of paucity of funds within ten days. State Government is
directed to issue necessary direction and provide adequate funds for aforesaid
purposes.”
13. That
the District Magistrate, Kanpur Nagar submitted the status report dated
19.12.2006 in which it has been pointed out that 430 Million liter per day is
the waste effluent mixed with water discharge at Kanpur Nagar, out of this
discharge 36 M.L.D. is treated as four pumping stations in which 130 M.L.D.
water mixed with 36 M.L.D. treated water is used for irrigation purposes. It
has been submitted that there are 402 tanneries out of which 205 tanneries are
indulged in tanning of leather by chromium. The chromium treatment plant are available
only in 117 tanneries, while 49 members of the tanneries group have deposited
the money for common chromium treatment plant. It was found that 39 tanneries
were supplying the effluent without chromium treatment and as such all such
tanneries have been sealed. There was again the lock-up given to 9 more
tanneries and all 29 units indulged in manufacturing the oil, glue and manure
have been closed and the fornes of 21 glue factories providing unchecked
pollution inside the river Ganga have been completely vanished.
14. That
the District Magistrate, Kanpur Nagar has submitted in his report that there
are 21 drainage located at Kanpur Nagar, which has the discharge of 400 M.L.D.
waste water with bio-degradable substance. The Sisa-mau drainage alone
discharge 162 M.L.D. water and as such the remaining 250 M.L.D. water is
directly mixed up with the water of river Ganga. The proposed 200 M.L.D. A.T.P.
Plant may start functioning upto the year of 2009. There is also the water
mixed inside river Ganga from Ram Ganga and Kali Nadi. The water of both the
river is blackish in colour. Thus the quantity and quality of the water
released from the territorial limit of Kanpur Nagar is minimum as there is no
chromium added water inside river Ganga. The sample was taken from Sirathu and
it was found that the water is colourless at Sirathu.
15. That the industrial waste has been discharged
directly into river Ganga from Kanpur Nagar through 23 drains out of which 4
drains are still untapped. There has been the mixing of the effluent directly
inside the wastewater through tanneries still located without chrom treatment
plant. This Hon’ble Court by its different orders passed on 24.5.2006,
24.8.2006, 6.9.2006, 15.11.2006, 13.12.2006 and 21.12.2006 had directed the
different authorities, including the District Magistrate, Allahabad, S.S.P.
Allahabad, U.P. Pollution Control Board having its headquarter at Lucknow.
16. That the question arises that from where the
colour of river Ganga is converted to blackish colour. It was found that the
maximum effluents are discharged from Mori Gate drainage as well as from Salori
drainage, where the water is still untapped as is being disclosed by the
General Manager of U.P. Jal Nigam Allahabad during the course of discussion on
6.1.2007.
17. That the water intake point at Bhairoghat
pumping station has two huge drains, which receive domestic sewage through five
drains, namely, Jageshwar, Jeevara, Kheora, Nawabganj and Ranighat. It further
mentions that the polluted contents of a Tuberculosis Hospital are also being
discharged some 100 meters before the intake point. Since this is the source of
water supply to the entire city of Kanpur, this has to be immediately stopped.
The state do not have any specific proposal, as to how this nuisance, which is
injurious to health and hazardous to human being may be stopped. As we feel
that the Tuberculosis germs are being supplied to the people of Kanpur, it is
the duty cast upon Jal Sansthan, Kanpur Nagar, to clean the water before making
it potable.
18. There has been 35 major MLD sewage water
discharge directly powering to River Yamuna. Only in Karelabagh, starting from
Pan Dariba, Chachar Nala at Balua ghat the discharge of untreated sewage water
into Yamuna is 40 MLD which contribute 27% total pollution. Simultaneously, the
Ghaghar-Nala originates from Nakhas-kona carries the sewage sludge from Ajamal
Atala, Kareli and thus contribute 20% of total pollution at Allahabad.
Similarly gate no.9 and gate no.13 Drains, it carries sewage of sludge from
kyadganj area and discharge pollutant in the river Yamuna, which contributes
5.4% of total pollution at Allahabad. Simultaneously a lot of small drains near
Daraganj area collecting the pollutant from different area are flowing directly
in the river Ganga causing pollution load 5.4% of total pollution at Allahabad.
Entire Mori-gate Nala contribute 13% of pollution in Ganga river at Allahabad.
The Allenganj drain, Salori drainage and Beli Nalas together put a contribution
of 14.5% alone in river Ganga. Thus the analysts in the physic-chemical
character of water river Ganga indicate discharge of civic industrial pollutant
comprising of carbonate, Bicarbonate, BOD, COD, DO etc, by virtue of the same
Ganga river water degrading and has become injurious and hazardous in
contravention to the provision of The water (prevention of control of
pollution) Act 1974.
19. That
the effluent discharged at river Yamuna is maximum from main Ghaghar Nala and
Chhachhar Nala, which is in the tune of 41015 K.L.D. and 31065 K.L.D.
respectively. The sewerage discharged at Mori Gate Nala is 33885 K.L.D. while
the Salori Nala is discharging the maximum 40987 K.L.D.
20. That
the Hon’ble Court has taken note with regard to the tapping of Mori Gate Nala
and lifting through Pump to Alopi Bagh sewerage pumping station and from where
it will be taken to Gau Ghat and finally at Naini. It is submitted that as per
the assurance given to the Hon’ble Court, the water was still accumulated near
Mori gate for last so many days on 2.1.2007 and the fall smell had started coming
out from there and the General Manager, U.P. Jal Nigam had shown his
incapability to lift such water as per the undertaking given by the learned
Advocate General on 13.12.2006.
21. That at about 6.00 P.M. on 10.1.2007, the
undersigned Advocate was informed on Telephone that the learned Advocate
General is scheduled to arrive from Delhi to Bamrauli Airport and as such he
was directed by the personal Secretary to reach at the residence of Learned
Advocate General at 7.00 P.M. as he may proceed to ARDH-KUMBH MELA for
inspection of the water. On account of previous commitment and the involvement
of the undersigned advocate in the other listed and unlisted matters scheduled
for preparation, he requested to his colleague Sri Alok Sharma Advocate to
visit the site. It was informed by Sri Alok Sharma Advocate that he has
personally inspected the quality of the water and the level of river Ganga at
SANGAM alongwith the Learned Advocate General. Shri Alok Sharma Advocate has
also intimated to the learned Advocate General the genuine difficulty of the
undersigned Advocate for reaching at SANGAM by giving a very short notice
regarding the arrival of Learned Advocate General at Allahabad. It was
requested that at-least one day prior notice may be given to the Special Officer
for visiting the site for inspection alongwith learned Advocate General.
Extract of the previous Report Submitted by
undersigned Advocate (Special Officer) 0n 21.4.2006 to the Hon’ble Court
1.
That
there is the need and compulsion to declare river Ganga as reserve / protected
forest in view of the decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court and also in view of
fact that the definition of forest under forest (conservation) Act, 1980 and
the Wild Life Protection Act, which
provides for the protection the forest area and the wild life animals
which are at the stage of extinction in our nation.
2.
A point has been reached in history when we
must shape out actions throughout the world with a more prudent care for their
environmental consequences. Through ignorance or indifference we can do massive
and irreversible harm to the earthly environment on which our life and well
being depend. Conversely, through fuller knowledge and wiser action, we can
achieve for ourselves and our posterity a better life in an environment more in
keeping with human needs and hopes.
3.
There are broad vistas for the
enhancement of environmental quality and the creation of a good life. What is
needed is an enthusiastic but clam state of mind and intense but orderly work.
For the purpose of attaining freedom in the world of nature, man mist use
knowledge of build in collaboration with nature a better environment. To defend
and improve the human environment for present and future generation has become
an imperative goal for mankind – a goal to be pursued together with, and in
harmony with, the established and fundamental goals of peace and o We are also
requesting the court to declare 200 metre of area on both sides of the banks as
a No Development Zone and the same
be transferred to the forest department for afforestation and the involvement
of the affected communities for carrying out the afforestation. In fact. We are
proposing that in the entire Ganga cleaning programme, wherever manual labour
is required, the affected communities and displaced people should be accorded
priority in providing employment.
4.
That the Dolphin gangetica is a dark coloured animals
measuring about 1.5 meter long. Its body us broad with a long tail and blunt
snout. They have two protruding, function less eyes which do not have nectating
membrane. They are a vivperous and thus give birth to the young and feel them
through their nipples of mammary gland. As they can not see through their eyes.
Therefore have developed a entirely different method for locating the thinks.
They produce ultrasonic voice from their snout and after receiving its echo
they detect their pray and path. Dolphin generally eat small fishes as their
food but also like to each some aquatic weeds and algae. Thus they are
omnivorous in their food habits.
5.
That the Excessive poaching of
these innocent aquatic animals by fishermen for the want of their flesh and oil
has created threat to their existence and they are now at the brink of
extinction, particularly at Allahabad. Whereas about 20 year back they were
found in abundance in between Sangam and Sirsa Ghat. This water course, where
the river Tones joins the Ganga provide an ideal breeding ground for these
animals. Disappearance of Dolphin from the Ganga river is a biological
indicator of pollution as well as it also suggest that out population
particularly of the fishermen’s community is exceeding the carry capacity of
the river.
6.
That no more virgin land of Ganga (Flood
plain/ River bed) should be colonised for further urban sprawl or industrial use.
We also want the court to issue the direction to the Govt. to form a Ganga
Vahini (Task Force) involving those communities which are directly related with
Ganga and are dependent on Ganga for their livelihood.
7.
That the Ganga Action Plan, Allahabad and
Varanasi Units to submit their reports regarding untapped drains, which are
mentioned in the report and explain how it has happened that despite the first
phase been completed, some of the work shown completed during the first phase
are still not giving positive results effectively or have failed miserably.
They should also explain as to what measures are being taken for tapping the
waste water at these two places. Apart from this, they shall also indicate what
remedial measures they are going to adopt to set right the failures of the
first phase of action plan of river Ganga.
8.
That Ganga Action Plan has not been implemented
in its entirety. Meanwhile, we also direct the Senior Superintendent of Police,
Kanpur Nagar, to immediately set up a River Police Force for patrolling the
river to ensure that no unclaimed dead body is thrown in the river nor any
illegal activity is carried out along the course of river in Kanpur.
9.
That the GAP should be implemented by
involving the bodies who should be authorised to construct, maintain and
operate the treatment plants and undertake the river conservation work at their
own level with the help of the government and they are just and with the
guidance of local NGOs and professional experts. There should be total transparency
maintained regarding the action which is to be taken and there should be an
effort to create atmosphere to educate the people, to keep the river pollution
free.
The fresh cadre of river police be created in the state by the government of UP... hence the NRCD which is only made responsible to conserve the rivers may be asked to fund this project in UP.
The fresh cadre of river police be created in the state by the government of UP... hence the NRCD which is only made responsible to conserve the rivers may be asked to fund this project in UP.
River Police
Force for patrolling the river Ganga
10.
That the State Government and the Director
General of Police to immediately set up a River Police Force for patrolling the
river to ensure that no unclaimed dead body is thrown in the river, nor any
illegal activity is carried out along the course of river.
35 major MLD sewage water
discharges directly polluting to River Yamuna and Ganga at Allahabad
11.
That there has been 35 major
MLD sewage water discharges directly polluting to River Yamuna and Ganga. Only
in Karelabagh, starting from Pan Dariba, Chachar Nala at Balua ghat the
discharge of untreated sewage water into Yamuna is 40 MLD which contribute 27%
total pollution. Simultaneously, the Ghaghar-Nala originates from
Nakhas-kona carries the sewage sludge from Ajamal Atala, Kareli and
thus contributes 20% of total pollution at Allahabad. Similarly gate no.9
and gate no.13 Drains, it carries sewage of sludge from kyadganj area and
discharge pollutant in the river Yamuna, which contributes 5.4% of total
pollution at Allahabad. Simultaneously a lot of small drains near Daraganj
area collecting the pollutant from different area are flowing directly in
the river Ganga causing pollution load 5.4% of total pollution at Allahabad.
Entire Mori-gate Nala contribute 13% of pollution in Ganga river at
Allahabad. The Allenganj drain, Salori drainage and Beli Nalas together
put a contribution of 14.5% alone in river Ganga. Thus the analysts in the
physic-chemical character of water river Ganga indicate discharge of civic
industrial pollutant comprising of carbonate, Bicarbonate, BOD, COD, DO etc, by
virtue of the same Ganga river water degrading and has become injurious and
hazardous in contravention to the provision of The water (prevention of control
of pollution) Act 1974.
12.
That about 70,000 pilgrims
coverage every day at Varanasi and bathe in the river. An estimated 400 bodies
are cremated on the banks of the river in Varanasi every day and 9000 dead
cattle thrown annually. Often half burnt bodies can be seen floating down the
river. The bodies of infants and holy people like the Sadhus not cremated but
washed away in the river. Another very common sight is buffaloes and elephants
wallowing in the river. Another point of excessive pollution is the ‘Fecal
coliform bacteria’ which is found over a lakh in number in 100 millitre of
water (if the number exceeds 5000, the water is considered highly dangerous).
13.
That the holy river is sinking
and stinking. Worse still it is drying a slow, unnatural death. The dilution
capacity of the river is highly reduced as large amounts of Ganga water is
taken out of the river through canals and lift pumps for irrigation. The
decrease in river flow increases the pollution level further.
Measured Details of Sewer Flow
|
No.
|
Name of Nala
|
CuM/Day
Approx.
|
|
1-
|
Main
Ghaghar Nala
|
40,000
|
|
1A-
|
Ghaghar
Nala 1-A
|
4,000
|
|
1B-
|
Ghaghar
Nala 1-A1
|
200
|
|
1C-
|
Ghaghar
Nala 1-B
|
750
|
|
1D-
|
Dariyabad
Katharaghat Nala
|
100
|
|
1E-
|
Dariyabad
Piplaghat Nala
|
30
|
|
1F-
|
Dariyabad
Dhobighat Nala
|
50
|
|
2-
|
Chachar
Nala
|
34,000
|
|
3-
|
Emergency
out Fall
|
15,250
|
|
4-
|
Drain
at Gate no. 9
|
200
|
|
5-
|
Drain
at Gate no. 9
|
4,000
|
|
6-
|
Fort
Drain No. 1
|
-
|
|
6A-
|
Fort
Drain No. 2
|
-
|
|
7-
|
Morigate
Nala
|
36,940
|
|
8-
|
Drains
of Daraganj Area
|
3,000
|
|
9-
|
Allenganj
Nala
|
27,100
|
|
10-
|
Salori
Nala
|
27,000
|
|
11-
|
Jondhwal
Nala
|
2,500
|
|
11A-
|
Sankar
Ghat Nala
|
200
|
|
11B-
|
Rasulabad
Puccaghat Nala
|
40
|
|
11C-
|
ADA
Colony Nala
|
1,600
|
|
11D-
|
Jondhawal
Ghat Nala
|
70
|
|
11E-
|
Sankar
Colony Nala (Near Phaphamau Bridge)
|
10
|
|
11F-
|
Jondhawal
Ghat Drain
|
70
|
|
12-
|
Rajapur
Nala
|
7,000
|
|
12A-
|
TV
Tower Nala
|
2,000
|
|
12B-
|
Sadar
Bazar Nala
|
3,000
|
|
12C-
|
Unchawagarh
Drain I
|
700
|
|
12D-
|
Unchawagarh
Drain II
|
250
|
|
12E-
|
Beli
Gaon Drain
|
250
|
|
12F-
|
Mumfordganj
Drain
|
400
|
|
12G-
|
Muirabad
Nala
|
1,000
|
|
12H-
|
Naya
Purva Drain
|
60
|
|
12I-
|
Mehdauri
Gaon Drain
|
200
|
|
13-
|
Mawaiya
Nala
|
9,000
|
|
14-
|
Shivkuti
Drain No. 1
|
20
|
|
14A-
|
Shivkuti
Drain No. 2
|
10
|
|
14B-
|
Shivkuti
Drain No. 3 (North)
|
1,600
|
|
14C-
|
Shivkuti
Drain No. 4
|
10
|
|
14D-
|
Shivkuti
Drain No. 5
|
30
|
|
14E-
|
Shivkuti
Drain No. 6
|
20
|
|
14F-
|
Shivkuti
Drain No. 7(East)
|
720
|
|
15-
|
Chilla
Drain
|
-
|
|
15A-
|
Govindpur
Colony Drain
|
-
|
|
15B-
|
Govindpur
Colony Drain(Purani Basti)
|
-
|
|
15C-
|
Govindpur
Drain No. 1
|
-
|
|
15D-
|
Govindpur
Drain No. 2
|
-
|
|
15E-
|
Govindpur
Drain No. 3
|
-
|
|
16-
|
Co-operative
Nala
|
-
|
|
17-
|
Basna
Nala
|
-
|
|
18-
|
Indira
Awas Nala
|
250
|
|
19-
|
Shivpur
Nala
|
-
|
|
20-
|
Lutere
Nala
|
2,000
|
|
21-
|
Shastri
Bridge Nala
|
29
|
|
22-
|
Kodhar
Nala
|
6,750
|
|
23-
|
Nehru
park Nala
|
500
|
|
24-
|
Panghat
Nala
|
1,750
|
A
brief description about some nalas which contributed important role in the
pollution of Ganga-Yamuna water these are-
Chachar
Nala: Starting from Pandariba, discharge the entire water including a part
sewage and sludge near ‘Balua Ghat’ in Yamuna about 5.5 km. To the upstream of
Sangam. The nala contributes about 27% of the total population in Allahabad,
Since the existing pumping station is inadequate to lift the total discharge,
most of the discharge finds its way into the river.
Ghaghar
Nala: Originates from ‘Nakhas Kona’ carries a part of sewage and sludge from
Darshan Ajamal, Atala area and Kareli Housing Board Colony, discharge in Yamuna
about 6.5 km, to the upstream of Sangam. This contribution to about 20% of
total pollution in Allahabad.
Gate
No. 9 and Gate No. 13: It carries sewage and sludge from Kydganj area and
nearly areas and discharge into river Yamuna about 3 km, to the upstream of
Sangam. They together contributed to about 5.3% of total pollution in
Allahabad.
Darahanj
Nala: There are a lot of small drains Daraganj area, collecting the pollutants
from this area flowing into the river Ganga about 3 km, to the upstream of
Sangam. It carries a pollution load of 5.4 of the total pollution at Allahabad.
Emergency
outfalls and Mori Nala: It meets the river about 4 km, upstream of Sangam and
Mori Nala which discharges into the river about 1 km, to the upstream of Sangam
contributes the 13% of the total pollution of the Allahabad.
The
Nala like Fort Drains, Allanganj Nala, Salori Nala, Beli Nala etc. together
contributes to about 14.5% of the total pollution of Allahabad.
EFFECTIVE FOR THE TREATMENT OF SEWAGE
OF SEWAGE GENERATED AT VARANASI (SEWAGE MIXED WITH TOXIC INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS
14.
NAGAR NIGAM: More than 175 MLD
city sewage mixed with toxic industrial effluents is generated at Varanasi. The
Jal Nigam has established Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) for the treatment of
only 122 MLD (100 MLD at Dinapur STP + 10 MLD at Bhagwanpur STP + 12 MLD at
DLW). About 53 million liter per day (MLD) untereated sewage mixed with toxic
industrial effluents containing acids, alkalis, heavy metals e.g. lead,
Cadmium, Nickel etc. are directly discharged into the river Ganga by the Nagar
Nigam Varanasi.
15.
JAI NIGAM’S SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS (STP): Not
effective for the treatment of sewage of sewage generated at Varanasi (Sewage
mixed with toxic industrial effluents) due to following:
16.
No toxic heavy metal can be completely
removed by these existing STP. The Jal Nigam has accepted this fact. Chief
Environment Officer, UP Pollution Control Board produced a letter to this
effect before the Hon’ble High Court on August 20th 1998, during my
presentation of low cost effluent treatment technology to the Saree Printing
Industries. Since these STP does remove toxic metals and so-called treated
water is used for the irrigation of crop fields there are possibilities for
accumulation of these toxic metals in the food grains and vegetables. Due to
process of BIOLOGICAL MAGNIFICATION persistent chemicals may accumulate in the
soil and reaches to the body of human and animals through plants leading health
hazard in the surrounding areas. In the name of manuredry sludge (Which contain
toxic metals) is being sold by the JAL NIGAM to the ignorant farmers and
without knowing adverse effects the contaminated sludge is being used for maturing
the crop and vegetable plants.
17.
POLLUTOIN CONTROL BOARD: The Board
constituted for the purpose has failed to function efficiently and effectively
as per Environmental Protraction Act. 1986.
18.
There are about more than 2500 pollution
sources/industries/manufactures such as Saree Printing, Dyers, Lead Battery,
Metal Processing, Electro Plating, Plastic, Rubber, Soap and Detergents, Cattle
house, Cattle bathing, Hospitals, Dieses operated Motor Boats, Motor Services
and work Shops, Food Product etc. Where from huge quantity of pollution are
released into the River Ganga directly of Indirectly.
19.
Although, effluent samples are collected for
waster water quality analysis by the representatives of the Pollution Control
Board from all industries, however, testing results are not provide to the
concerned industries/manufactures.
20.
If officers of the Pollution Control Board are
asked to collect the sample under rules and industries/manufactures are asked
to display & air quality testing results
in their officers, it shall make clear the level of pollution induced by
the industries and qualities of pollution to be removed form the system. This
shall not only help in the pollution abatement but will also check exploitation
of the organizations.
21.
Cremation and disposal of dead bodies add
another dimention of pollution. It is recorded that about 23000 to 32000dead
bodies are burnt every year on two burning ghats of Varanasi named Harish
Chandra and Manikarnika with the help of 8 – 10x 103 tons fire
woods. During cremation of the dead bodies, 350 – 480x 108 Kcal
Energy is consumed. It is also recorded that about 200 – 300 tons ash content
and 140 – 200 tons half burnt flesh contents are released to holy river Ganga
every from the cremation ground. Due to religious believe about 3000 human and
6000 animals dead bodies and huge quantity of minerals are also added to the
river.
22.
RAMNAGAR INDUSTRIAL AREA: Toxicants released
from Ram Nagar Industrial estate and the town is an upstream discharge.
|
S.
No.
|
Parameter
|
Value
|
|
1-
|
pH
|
8.65
|
|
2-
|
Ec(umhoc
cm-1)
|
1040
|
|
3-
|
Total
Alkalinity (mgL-1)
|
670
|
|
4-
|
Acidity
(mgL-1)
|
76.5
|
|
5-
|
DO
(mgL-1)
|
2.35
|
|
6-
|
BOD(mgL-1)
|
310
|
|
7-
|
COD
(mgL-1)
|
767
|
|
8-
|
Sulphate
(mgL-1)
|
209.3
|
|
9-
|
Chloride
(mgL-1)
|
102.49
|
|
10-
|
Nitrate
–N (mgL-1)
|
2.64
|
|
11-
|
Phosphate
(mgL-1)
|
10.6
|
|
12-
|
Potassium
(mgL-1)
|
38.33
|
|
13-
|
Iron
(ugL-1)
|
14.37
|
|
14-
|
Copper
(ugL-1)
|
12.5
|
|
15-
|
Zinc
(ugL-1)
|
11.67
|
|
16-
|
Lead
(ugL-1)
|
20.24
|
|
17-
|
Cadmium
(ugL-1)
|
18.44
|
|
18-
|
Chromium
(ugL-1)
|
23.53
|
|
19-
|
Total
Coliform (MON)
|
14
x 105
|
Average
of 52 samples 1997-------Total Sewage generated : 175 MLD-------Arrangement for
Sewage Treatment – Dinapur – 100 MLD----
DLW – 12 MLD
LONG TERM
PROPOSAL
Treatment Plants and Turtles
Lessen Pollution
Five thousand years ago the Ganga was not the river of choice in India. The Saraswati was the river, plentifully extolled in the Vedas, whereas the Ganga is mentioned only once. But due to climatic and geological changes the Saraswati river gradually dried up to a stream, then disappeared. The Ganga assumed preeminent sacred stature and the lore of its water's purifying and healing powers water failed through Hindu history.
The high country Ganga deep in the granite folds of the Himalayas still runs with its emerald color of purity and cleanliness. But down in the factory-laden and urbanized plains the Ganga runs brownish pea-green with silt and pollution: sewage, industrial waste and corpses. To tackle the pollution, experts are farming giant snapping turtles to eat corpses, building massive sewage treatment plants and sewage diversion systems, and getting tough with polluting businesses. Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi brewed up the Ganges Action Plan in 1986, pouring US$ 140 million into one of the most demanding river-cleanup projects undertaken in the world. The goal is to make the river's 1,568-mile length visually and chemically clean enough for fearless sacred bathing and other nonpolluting river activity.
Standing on the shore of year 1993, many sewage treatment plants are operational, and the Ganga Directorate claims a significant reduction in the river's bacterial count. By 1994 there are supposed to be 35 plants. It is an urgent endeavor. By the year 2028 India's population is expected 10 have doubled, putting enormous pressure on the waterways.
Taking a dip at the ghat edging the Ganga at Banaras - Hinduism's most sacred and oldest city - Dr. Veer Bhadra Mishra jokes that he hasn't been chomped into by a snapping turtle yet, possibly mistaking his still alive legs for a cadaver. Mishra, a professor of hydrologic engineering at Banaras Hindu University and a priest at one of Banaras' temples, performs his daily ablution in the Ganga dutifully, but not without squirming a bit at the river's foulness. Two of his disciples wade into the water before him, attempting to clear away foam and debris. He doesn't drink the water. He loves the Ganga dearly, believes in its sanctity, but is also equally committed to its salvation from toxic Hades, Mishra - who received the UNEP's Global 500 award for environmental service - has started his own cleanup-the-cleanup campaign. He disputes the Ganga Directorate's figures of the river project's first-phase purity, and is demanding a new system of pollution evaluation.
Using his own water quality measurements along the 5-mile stretch of bathing ghats at Banares, Mishra gets figures of biochemical oxygen demand (a toxicity scale) that are twice that of the governments. He also urged the government to adopt a bacterial count measurement. Mishra notes that people bathing in the river add to its bacterial count. In an unwitting irony he says. "People should take showers before they bathe in the Ganga for spiritual purification."
North of Banaras is another concern of Mishra's: new housing developments. Despite policing of the Ganga shoreline through Banaras, dumping of waste still gushes in huge quantities. Banaras is a city of 1 million with 1 million pilgrims bustling in each year. Of 655 million gallons of waste water produced every day, only 436 million gallons are treated.
But not all of Banaras' citizens or pilgrims are worried about pollution. C.L. Pandey, a priest at the Kashi Vishvanath Temple, says a dip in the Ganga "gets rid of illness and infection. Even the breeze from the Ganga washes sins away." But Pandey does admit the river is dirty.
And one last bit of newer technology - electric crematoriums - is helping to reduce the half-burnt corpse problem. They do a complete job of burning, cost 10% of the wood-fueled pyre and are becoming extremely popular despite fears they would be ignored.
NINJA Turtles
Are there Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles swashbuckling in the Ganga river or Banaras sewers? Or did the Ganga pollution turn turtles into mutant ninjas? Anybody who's seen the movie and seen giant snapping turtles swimming around Banaras is going to say, "Cawabunga."
In one of the most snappy and controversial efforts to rid the Ganga of partially cremated bodies (or whole bodies illegally dumped up stream, thousands of 3-foot long snapping turtles have been bred to devour the problem. Out of the original US$ 140 million allocated for Ganga cleanup. US$ 32 million alone have gone into turtle farms outside Banaras. There are about 20,000 to 30,000 bodies cremated in Banaras every year and thousands more float in from up river.
Since 1990, 24,000 turtles have been released. The assistant manager of the farm says they are raised on a diet of dead fish from infancy, conditioning them to go for rotten flesh in the river, but not for living bodies. When people bring a body in a bag, the turtles charge up to the shore and sometimes drag the bag off. No bitings have been reported. But there are still corpses daily floating on by.
That the U.N. declaration on the rights to development may include the whole spectrum of civil, religious, culture, economic, political and social process. The adherences to a sustainable development principal are a sign quo non-for the maintenance of the symbiotic balance. Thus, the concept of intergenerational equity, public trust doctrine and precautionary principles are the ingredients of our environmental jurisprudence.
Five thousand years ago the Ganga was not the river of choice in India. The Saraswati was the river, plentifully extolled in the Vedas, whereas the Ganga is mentioned only once. But due to climatic and geological changes the Saraswati river gradually dried up to a stream, then disappeared. The Ganga assumed preeminent sacred stature and the lore of its water's purifying and healing powers water failed through Hindu history.
The high country Ganga deep in the granite folds of the Himalayas still runs with its emerald color of purity and cleanliness. But down in the factory-laden and urbanized plains the Ganga runs brownish pea-green with silt and pollution: sewage, industrial waste and corpses. To tackle the pollution, experts are farming giant snapping turtles to eat corpses, building massive sewage treatment plants and sewage diversion systems, and getting tough with polluting businesses. Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi brewed up the Ganges Action Plan in 1986, pouring US$ 140 million into one of the most demanding river-cleanup projects undertaken in the world. The goal is to make the river's 1,568-mile length visually and chemically clean enough for fearless sacred bathing and other nonpolluting river activity.
Standing on the shore of year 1993, many sewage treatment plants are operational, and the Ganga Directorate claims a significant reduction in the river's bacterial count. By 1994 there are supposed to be 35 plants. It is an urgent endeavor. By the year 2028 India's population is expected 10 have doubled, putting enormous pressure on the waterways.
Taking a dip at the ghat edging the Ganga at Banaras - Hinduism's most sacred and oldest city - Dr. Veer Bhadra Mishra jokes that he hasn't been chomped into by a snapping turtle yet, possibly mistaking his still alive legs for a cadaver. Mishra, a professor of hydrologic engineering at Banaras Hindu University and a priest at one of Banaras' temples, performs his daily ablution in the Ganga dutifully, but not without squirming a bit at the river's foulness. Two of his disciples wade into the water before him, attempting to clear away foam and debris. He doesn't drink the water. He loves the Ganga dearly, believes in its sanctity, but is also equally committed to its salvation from toxic Hades, Mishra - who received the UNEP's Global 500 award for environmental service - has started his own cleanup-the-cleanup campaign. He disputes the Ganga Directorate's figures of the river project's first-phase purity, and is demanding a new system of pollution evaluation.
Using his own water quality measurements along the 5-mile stretch of bathing ghats at Banares, Mishra gets figures of biochemical oxygen demand (a toxicity scale) that are twice that of the governments. He also urged the government to adopt a bacterial count measurement. Mishra notes that people bathing in the river add to its bacterial count. In an unwitting irony he says. "People should take showers before they bathe in the Ganga for spiritual purification."
North of Banaras is another concern of Mishra's: new housing developments. Despite policing of the Ganga shoreline through Banaras, dumping of waste still gushes in huge quantities. Banaras is a city of 1 million with 1 million pilgrims bustling in each year. Of 655 million gallons of waste water produced every day, only 436 million gallons are treated.
But not all of Banaras' citizens or pilgrims are worried about pollution. C.L. Pandey, a priest at the Kashi Vishvanath Temple, says a dip in the Ganga "gets rid of illness and infection. Even the breeze from the Ganga washes sins away." But Pandey does admit the river is dirty.
And one last bit of newer technology - electric crematoriums - is helping to reduce the half-burnt corpse problem. They do a complete job of burning, cost 10% of the wood-fueled pyre and are becoming extremely popular despite fears they would be ignored.
NINJA Turtles
Are there Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles swashbuckling in the Ganga river or Banaras sewers? Or did the Ganga pollution turn turtles into mutant ninjas? Anybody who's seen the movie and seen giant snapping turtles swimming around Banaras is going to say, "Cawabunga."
In one of the most snappy and controversial efforts to rid the Ganga of partially cremated bodies (or whole bodies illegally dumped up stream, thousands of 3-foot long snapping turtles have been bred to devour the problem. Out of the original US$ 140 million allocated for Ganga cleanup. US$ 32 million alone have gone into turtle farms outside Banaras. There are about 20,000 to 30,000 bodies cremated in Banaras every year and thousands more float in from up river.
Since 1990, 24,000 turtles have been released. The assistant manager of the farm says they are raised on a diet of dead fish from infancy, conditioning them to go for rotten flesh in the river, but not for living bodies. When people bring a body in a bag, the turtles charge up to the shore and sometimes drag the bag off. No bitings have been reported. But there are still corpses daily floating on by.
That the U.N. declaration on the rights to development may include the whole spectrum of civil, religious, culture, economic, political and social process. The adherences to a sustainable development principal are a sign quo non-for the maintenance of the symbiotic balance. Thus, the concept of intergenerational equity, public trust doctrine and precautionary principles are the ingredients of our environmental jurisprudence.
23.
That the Large equality of static water provides
fertile breeding grounds for disease – carrying vectors. Taking timely action
within its frameworks may mitigate the disaster management.
24.
The human rights people and environmental activists have
approach to the Hon’ble Court through Public Interest Litigation to protect the
interest of the general public. The
upstream environmental and economical impacts are: -
1. Soil
Erosion,
2. Micro-Climatic
Changes,
3. Loss
of Flora and Fauna,
4. Changes
in Spawning Grounds,
5. Land
slips, situation and sedimentation,
6. The
water logging and solirity.
7. Impact
on aquatic ecosystem.
Our constitutional democracy may enshrine the concept of welfare
states, for which we
have to strive or mol to from Vedic times which is –
“Let all be happy, let all be sin free, let everyone
see good in everything and there should be no suffering anywhere.”- (Benefit of all and happiness of
all).
In the march of progress,
the humblest and weakest should not be left behind. Taking a fish from a river
and putting it to an aquarium, where it may survive, but it can never be happy.
25. Thus,
the mere suggestions and measurements to protect the water of river Ganga from
pollution may not have the desirable result for having the sanctity of river
Ganga being protected amongst those who comes to have a dip at Sangam during
Kumbh festival after taking the bath from outside, as there body secretion of
sweat may not pollute river Ganga. Thus, apart from the threats
of series of irreversible damage. We should also endeavor to protect the rights
of conscience, faith and religion, guaranteed under article 25 to these
pilgrimage comprising of a segmentation of more than 5 crores of population
visiting Allahabad during Kumbh festival for incarnation of their sins by their
strengthen believe through
mere dip, inside the holy water of Ganga Maata. Thus, the duty to protect and
to prevent environmental degradation is further intensified which shall not be
used as a reason for postponing cost effective measures due to the lack of
scientific certainty.
26. The
precautionary principle requires that the entire efficient be diversified for
providing manure to the agricultural produced by the proper drainage inside
their and not even a single drop of
water either polluted by the chemical affinity
or through bio-degradable substance and even the water after treatment
thereof may not be allowed to pour inside the holy river Ganges.
27.
The natural resources are
exploited and the state with all sincerity and good intension is not able to
provide the general common benefit to the people due to social conflicts arise
as a natural adverse consequent , of political ambitions. The conflicts arise
between people living upstream and those living downstream. Thus, when these
conflicts submerges with different ideology prevalent between different social
groups, the poor surviving on natural resources is dependent even to consume the sewage of the effluent class
of people being drainage and poured inside the water of river Ganga which is
deemed as purified water without any contaminations substance by the religious
ruler population of our nation visiting as pilgrimage during Kumbh mela
(Confluences). Thus, in such social conflicts, prier attention has to be paid
for former group which is both financially and politically weak in consonance
with the requirement contained by its provisions in the preamble, fundamental
rights, fundamental duties and directive principle to take care of such
deprived section of people.
Long Time proposal of construction of 11Barrages for preservation of water
|
Sl. No.
|
Site of Proposal
|
Useful Storage to be
available in Million Cubic meter
|
|
1.
|
Barrage No. 1 on river Ganga at 295 Kilometer downstream of Allahabad
near Village Zamania in District Ghazipur.
|
1335
|
|
2.
|
Barrage No. 2 on river Ganga at 100 Kilometer downstream of Allahabad
near Village Gaipura in Mirzapur District.
|
1507
|
|
3.
|
Barrage No. 3 on river Ganga at 40 Kilometer downstream of Allahabad
near Village Kokhraj in Allahabad District.
|
130
|
|
4.
|
Barrage No. 4 on river Ganga at 90 Kilometer upstream of Allahabad
near Village Kalakankar in Pratapgarh District.
|
411
|
|
5.
|
Barrage No. 5 on river Ganga at 130 Kilometer upstream of Allahabad
near Village Bitaura in Fatehpur District.
|
238
|
|
6.
|
Barrage No. 6 on river Ganga at 210 Kilometer upstream of Allahabad
near Kanpur.
|
88
|
|
7.
|
Barrage No. 7 on river Ganga at 230 Kilometer upstream of Allahabad
near Unnao.
|
39
|
|
8.
|
Barrage No. 8 on river Ganga at 250 Kilometer upstream of Allahabad
near Kannauj.
|
52
|
|
9.
|
Barrage No. 9 on river Ganga at 430 Kilometer upstream of Allahabad
in Farrukhabad.
|
156
|
|
10.
|
Barrage No. 10 on river Ganga at 430 Kilometer upstream of Allahabad
in District Etah.
|
128
|
|
11.
|
Barrage No. 11 on river Ganga at 465 Kilometer upstream of Allahabad
in District Etah.
|
134
|
Above proposal of barrages
will be advantageous in following ways :-
That the storage created
will be available for agricultural use during the scarcity period of Non-Monsoon.
The Storage can be utilized for rapid industrialization of backward and other
regions as water can be used for industries, Power station etc. This will help
in the general up-liftment of the masses and will ensure adequate drinking
water, supplies. The effect of pollution can be controlled by regulating flow
in river. This will boost tourism by way of developing picnic spot around the
reservoirs. The reservoirs can be used for developing fisheries. As a
substantial part of the discharge in the river will be stored and used during
monsoon period, it will go a logway in controlling floods downstream.
28.
That the evaporation losses are estimated by pan evaporation method
with the assumption that about 25% of these losses would be controlled by
adopting suitable control method preferably chemical method.
29.
That an assessment of minimum available discharge in the river is made
on the basis of 10 daily discharge data at 75% dependability of Kharif crops
areas are limited to the extent of minimum discharge so available. The
discharge is excess of minimum discharge will be allowed to flow downstream or
to fill up the pond. Thus uniform supplies for Kharif irrigation in the period
of June to October can be assured. Generally it is observed that irrigation can
be achieved to a great extent during Rabi and Kharif with the available
supplies from barrages.
30.
That excessive poaching of these innocent aquatic animals by fishermen
for the want of their flesh and oil has created threat to their existence and
they are now at the brink of extinction, particularly at Allahabad. Whereas
about 20 year back they were found in abundance in between Sangam and Sirsa
Ghat. This water course, where the river Tones joins the Ganga provide an ideal
breeding ground for these animals. Disappearance of Dolphin from the Ganga
river is a biological indicator of pollution as well as it also suggest that
our population particularly of the fishermen’s community is exceeding the
carrying capacity of the river.
31.
That it is therefore our demand for declaring the above river zone as a
river biosphere region should be taken in consideration by the concerned
authorities and the NGOs operating all along the river course in the region
should be involved in the conservation of aquatic fauna and flora of the river
at the earliest.
32.
That the task of policing the river does not take up the task seriously
nor is it properly trained to undertake the policing of the river. Accordingly
it is directed that the Govt. of Uttar Pradesh create a fresh cadre of River
Police in the state. This cadre shall be comprised only of the rank of
constables and such inspectors who shall otherwise be under the control of the
District Supdt. of Police.
33.
That the Pollution Control Board and Nagar Nigam, Allahabad have been
directed to get the samples of the water of Ganga from several places and get
them tested and to display the result of the analysis and file a counter
affidavit by the next date indicating that the order issued by this court as
also by the High Power Committee of the Chief Secretary are being implemented
and carried out.
34.
That the Bacterio-phases present Ganga water in unique in the scenes
that it can insert its germs in almost all type of Bacteria (Host) and can
bring about lyses built completes its reproductive cycle only in a specific
bacterial cell. This property of Bacteria phages of Ganga coater is not known
in other types of Bacteriophages. Thus no harmful bacteria can multiply or
exist in the Ganga water, That’s why Ganga water does not rot or stink if
stored for several days.
35.
That water from the Ganga is used to cleanse any place or object for
ritual purposes. To bathe in the Ganga is a life long ambition for Hindus also
caste and ashes of their dead in the river belief that this will guide the
sools of the deceased suffragist to paradise.
Article 48- A of the
Constitution provides that the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the
environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country. Article
51- A of the Constitution imposes as one of the fundamental duties on every
citizen the duty to protect and improve the natural environment including
forests, lakes, rivers, and wild life and to have compassion for living
creatures. The proclamation adopted by the United Nations Conference on the
Human Environment which took place at Stockholm from June 5 to 16, 1972 and in
which the Indian delegation led by the Prime Minister of India took a leading
role runs thus:
36.
That man is both creature and moulders of his environment, which gives
him physical sustenance and affords him the opportunity for intellectual,
moral, social and spiritual growth. In the long and tortuous evolution of the
human race on this planet a stage has been reached when through the rapid
acceleration of science and technology, man has acquired the power to transform
his environment in countless ways and on an unprecedented scale. Both aspects
of man’s environment, the natural and the manmade, are essential to his well
being to the enjoyment of basic human rights – even the right to life itself.
37.
That the protection and improvement of the human environment is a minor
issue which affects the well being of peoples and economic development
throughout the world; it is the urgent desire of the peoples of the whole world
and the duty of all governments.
38.
That man has constantly to sum up experience and go on discovering,
inventing, creating and advancing. In our time man’s capability to transform
his surroundings, if used wisely, can bring to all peoples the benefits of
development and the opportunity to enhance the quality of life. Wrongly or
heedlessly applied, the same power can do incalculable harm to human beings and
the human environment. We see around us growing evidence of manmade harm in
many regions of the earth; dangerous levels of pollution in water, air, earth
and living being; major and undesirable disturbance to the ecological balance
of the biosphere; destruction and depletion of irreplaceable resources; and
gross deficiencies harmful to the physical, mental and social health of man, in
the manmade environment; particularly in the living and working environment.
39.
The
Ganga Action Plan has been set up under the Indian Government bureaucracy, and
is attempting to build a number of waste treatment facilities. Surprisingly,
the political parties in India are not very active in the efforts to clean up
the Ganga, and it is not very high in the general religious agenda. India's
government has already spent over 33 million to address the overwhelming sewage
problem. However, things are looking better
at the beginning of 2006, as satellite images show increased water clarity in
the river.
40.
The most purifier of human body
and soul, the pious water of river Ganga was found loosing its efficacy during
1972-1977 due to heavy input of various pollutions. Research result of 5-year
investigations conducted by the auther on the quality of river Ganga water at
Varanasi have been discussed first time in the Indian Parliament. Indeed it was a matter of
pleasure that the Govt. of India paid attention, established Ganga Action Plan
and spent more than Rs. 500 crores to prevent the Ganga from Pollution.
Unfortunately work conducted during first phase was not found satisfactory. In
this connection author had analyzed the water quality of river Ganga and made
detailed investigation on its important pollution sources
|
S. No.
|
Parameter
|
Value
|
|
1.
|
pH
|
7.5 - 8.8
|
|
2.
|
Acidity(mgL-1)
|
55.8 - 69.3
|
|
3.
|
DO(mgL-1)
|
3.6 - 9.8
|
|
4.
|
BOD(mgL-1)
|
1.9 – 85.5
|
|
5.
|
COD(mgL-1)
|
5.9 - 170.5
|
|
6.
|
Chloride(mgL-1)
|
8.2 - 81.5
|
|
7.
|
Nitrate(mgL-1)
|
0.015 - 0.985
|
|
8.
|
Phosphate(mgL-1)
|
0.005 - 1.58
|
|
9.
|
ECU(mhos cm-1)
|
185 - 843
|
|
10.
|
Transparency(cm)
|
8.2 - 94
|
41. Legal
justice, with a humane mission, must update itself to legitimize progressive
urges, discern the reality of social changes and design its delivery system, so
as to obviate the dominance of the Proletariat by the Proprietary and
accelerate people’s access to effective, litigate justice. The contemporary
command of social justice, which is also the socio-economic demand of the
common people, is that the prevalent forensic astigmatism shall be corrected by
sloughing off archaic, arcane authoritarian procedures, which often spawn the
paradox of a wealth of abuses and a poverty of access vis-à-vis institutions of
legal justice.
We, the people” are still like
cavemen, with our back turn to light, watching the shadow of the wall. There is
an iron cage, not having any ventilation and people are living in the state of
suffocation, virtually on the verge of their death point. There is a complete
apathy of the custodian of the power towards their welfare and in our country
"We, the people" who are regarded to be the sovereign of the nation,
are living a life full of abrogation and subjugation.
“All the members of the
court are considered as wounded, where justice is found wounded with inequity,
and Government do not extract the dart of inequity from justice or remove its
blot and destroy inequity, in other words where the innocent are not respected
and the criminal are not punished.”
“A
virtuous and just person should never enter a court and when he does so, he
should speak the truth; he who holds his tongue on seeing injustice done, or
speaks contrary to truth and justice, is the greatest sinner.”
“Justice
destroyed destroys its destroyer; and justice preserved, preserves its
preserver. Hence, never destroy justice,
lest being destroyed, it should destroy thee.”
“In
this world justice or righteousness alone is man’s friend that goes with him
after death. All other things or
companions part on the destruction of the body and he is detached from all
company. But the company of justice is never cut off.”
“When
injustice is done in the government out of partiality, it is divided into four
parts, of which, one is shared by the criminal or doer of injustice, the second
by the witness, the third by the court, and the fourth by the president king of
an unjust Government.”
It is, therefore, most respectfully prayed
that the present report of the Special Officer may kindly be accepted on record
of the proceedings of the present case.
Dt/- 11th AUGUST .2010 ( YOGESH KUMAR SAXENA )
Advocate, High Court.
SPECIAL
OFFICER,ARDH-KUMBH GANGA POLLUTION ERADICATION ACTION COMMITTEE NOMINATED BY
THE HON’BLE HIGH COURT, ALLAHABAD. Chamber No.139, High Court, Allahabad R/o
H.I.G. 203, Preetam Nagar, Sulem Sarai Housing Scheme, Allahabad. Mobile-9415284843,
9839675815,9451181638 yogrekha@rediffmail.com,
yogrekha@yahoo.co.in
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