PARTITION
OF INDIA – A Pure Political Game
“A TIME LIKE OUR
DEMANDS
STRONG MIND, GREAT
HEART, TRUE FAITH AND READY HANDS ;
MEN, WHOM THE LUST OF
OFFICE DOES NOT KILL;
MEN , WHOM THE SPOILS
OF THE OFFICE CAN NOT BUY;
MEN, WHO POSSESS
OPINION AND WILL ;
MEN, WHO HAVE HONOUR
; MEN WHO WILL NOT LIE ;
MEN, WHO CAN
STAND BEFORE THE TEMOGOGUE AND DEMN HIS
TREACHEROUS,
FLATTERIES WITHOUT WINKING;
TALL MEN, SUN CROWNED, WHO LIVE ABOVE THE FOG
IN PUBLIC DUTY AND IN PRIVATE THINKING “.
Leave this chanting
and singing and telling of beads whom dost thou worship in this lonely dark
corner of a temple with all doors shut? He is there where the tiller is tilling
the hard ground and where the path maker is breaking stones. Put off the Holy
mantle and even like him come down on the dusty soil.
The distress of
Mahatma Gandhi on the wake of partition of Indian continent may still be heard
from a distant voice calling to the people to unite and the unity in
diversities may provide India’s survival as
a nation before partition which depends on a wider vision of unity based
on inter-dependence based on the sub continents and secularism and social justice. Let us try to hear again
how distressed Mahatma ji was at the turn of events on the wake of partition:
“ So far it was my
desire to live up to the age of one hundred and twenty five years, but now I
have no such desire. The objective before me was not just to attain freedom,
but also to remove all the social ills in the society which had pestered during
the 200 years of the British Rule. They have practically divested us of our
traditions of tolerance and harmony and instead fomented hatred and discord
through their communal policies . I had thought that we could change the entire
system and the people of this country and would live together as brothers in love,
harmony and peace, so that coming generations may be blessed with all of that ,
which we have been deprived of. Therefore in addition to the freedom of my
country , the primary objective of my life was maintenance of cordial relations between Hindus and Muslims since I could
not attain my objective , this freedom
has become tainted .Today when I see Hindus and Muslims separated with more or
less permanent gulf , I feel politically and spiritually defeated . I have no
desire to live any longer …….when I cannot remove this mutual hatred and ill
will between Hindus and Muslims , and cannot create feeling of love peace and
harmony in name of God and religion , you tell whether there is any point in my
living any more ? I would prefer death to this kind of life.”
Partition of India was purely a
political game fought with a mark of religious fundamentalism the speech of
Quaid Azam Zinnah on 11-08-1947 who vehemently advocated the two nation theory
was enunciated the Government of Pakistan policy has also realised the folly
committed in accepting partition on communal lines in these words:
“If you change your past and
work together in spirit that every one of you , no matter what community he
belongs to, no matter what his colour , caste or creed , is first , second and
last , a citizen of this state with equal rights, privileges and obligation
there will be no end to the progress you will make. I cannot emphasise it too
much ; we should begin to work in that spirit , and in course of time , all
these angularities , of the majority and minority communities, the Hindu
community and the Muslim community , because even as regards Muslims, you have
Pathans, Punjabis, Shias , Sunnis, and so on and among the Hindus you have
Brahmins , Vaishnavas, Khatris also Bengalis Madrasi’s and so on , will vanish.
You may go to your temples, Mosques or any religion or caste or creed, that has
nothing to do with the business of the state …….We are starting with the
fundamental principle that we all citizens and equal citizens of one State….”
The general
expectations that by accepting partition of India , communal madness would
subside and peace would prevail and both countries would live like good
neighbours and friends, were belied immediately on the wake of partition , in
human tale of woe and misery followed communal hatred ., madness, barbarism and
its free hands both in Pakistan and India according to an estimate about 6 lacs
people lost their lives and 14 lacs had lost their homes. The religious fanatism
spread over the Indian continent in bitterness and repeated the story of shame and barbarity. Large scale
exodus of refugees and their rehabilitation , subsequent three wars fought with
severity loosing the life of many patriot living in both the sub continent,
river water dispute and still continuing to create fresh problems of terrorism
and sabotage with hostility and mutual
suspicion in the inhabitants living between the two states, large scale
violence , regional problem are the
direct out come and the after effect
the partition of India
Time is a three -fold -present; the
present as we experience it, the past as
a present memory and future as a present expectations. The expectations
cannot be the same as anticipation . A wish a desire or a hope however earnest
and a sincere a wish, a desire or a hope may be and one may confidently look to
them to be fulfilled the same cannot be an asserted expectation . A pious hope leading to a moral
obligation can be infect only if it is founded on the sanction of reason and to
fulfil such expectation should be justifiably protected through analysis as
rectification to fructify into a right in the
conventional sense. Thus a protection of such expectation may be
required through overriding public opinion and public interest which can
provide substantive justification to germinate the idea of unification of the
old “House” of Indian continent by demolition of those walls, consisting of
armed forces on whose maintenance 60% of the national income used to be
expended and thereby perpetuation of the hatred coupled with community frenzy
between the people living in both the subcontinent, has now the need of the
time.
Let us examine the factors
responsible for the partition of India , certain extra-ordinary emotional
circumstances in the event of quick succession rushed through a very
disparate speed which caught in the
whirl wind having a sort of commutative effect on our national life. The
operation of the system of working of
two political parties that is Indian congress and Muslim league and lack of
collective wisdom in the leaders of both the political party had ultimately
resulted into the partition of Indian continent . Gandihiji observed after the
partition “when the congress leaders had virtually buried him a life , Gandhiji
gave the said spirited reply” I cling to the hope that I am not yet buried
alive. The hope rests on the belief that massed
have not lost faith in my ideals . When it is proved that they have,
they will be lost and I can then be said to have been buried alive. But as long
as my faith burns bright, as I hope it will even if stands alone , I shall
alive in the grave, and what is more ,
speaking from it. The life is worthless which ignores or disregards moral
values.
With
the demand for local self government the tempo of national movement gain movement gain momentum , thus the
government of India act 1909 Known as
Morely Minto Act was passed by the parliament of England. Then came the first
world war 1914 in which the people of India forgetting all differences ,
co-operated in anticipation of self government and Home rule after the war . This was done on
the basis of pronouncement in parliament on 20th August 1917
regarding assurance as per policy of British government for granting
responsible government by providing for the increasing association of Indians
cocuy branch of Indian administration and for gradual development of self
governing institution with a vision to progressive realisation of responsible
government in India as an integral part of British empire and there after quit of India. Act 1919 was
passed by the parliament. The governor general issue ordinance which were to
have the free of law for six months. The Indian people had expected much more
and men co-operation , civil discipline
disobedience movements and terrorist activities started . Inspired
communal riots insisted the necessity to send statutory commission popularity
knew as Simon commission for England in 1927 to study the problems which was boycotted
by Indian national congress. The commission submitted its report vehemently
condemning diarchy which was discussed at round Table conference led to the
government of India Act !935. Sir Stafford Cripps made negations with the
acceptance that the elected body of Indians should frame the Indian
constitution and for the purpose cabinet
mission was send to assist the viceroy in setting up the constitution
and to mediate between the congress and Muslim league. The plan was made public
on May 16, 1946. India was to remain one state with the central government
power to empire to Foreign affairs, communication and defense. The provinces
would be grenped geographically into three regions, are predominantly Hindu
other Muslim and third nearly equal population of the communities. Both
Congress and Muslim League accepted the cabinet mission plan .
Government of
India Act 1935 has provided separate electorate and communal
representation in the central and provincial legislature. To strengthen hands of
all India Muslim league that critical stage in 1945 , British Government had
decided to hold general election both for central legislative assembly and provincial legislature under the government of India Act 1935. In that
high pitch of communal frenzy, the result
was foregone conclusion.
It has been rightly
observed that civilisation beings in order, grows with liberty and ultimately
dies in chaos. As such civil liberty are always safe as long as his or her
exercise do not bother anyone. No state can justify the existence of
administration of justice, if it fails to perform the maintenance of right
within a political community by means of physical force of the state. Our
present Administration system and judicial institution are nothing to do with the
steady spontaneous growth of deteriorated state of our society which is
considered for vacillation of purpose and exhibited in those experiments. The
conflicts of opinion and rivalry of interest influence them. There is no steady
advance towards higher condition of progress. If it require by reason is power
of law which is incapable to keep society in awe and as such it is not possible
for an individual to live in society. Legal justice can only be represented
through collective wisdom which is to be preferred to the wisdom of any
individual. Legal justice has failed to serve the purpose of society because it
is becoming more complicated and right as well as conservative as a result it
gives more importance to form than to substance. Life is a sky look , always it
demands, the entire world worship to ascending sun. A successful man is always
for bidder of individual success. Ultimately we have to choose between the
reason and sentiments. We have to stake our life to win the life for our self.
A small movement may best serve as an instrument to serve its own way. The
strong is strongest when alone. The impossible is often unified. We should not
forget to Tennessee’s charge of light brigade.
“There is not to make
reply,
There is not to
reason why,
There is but to do
and die.
” Life is only an
urge to move on this so; it is transcript.
“I slept and dreamed
Life was beauty
I woke and saw
Life was duty”
Die and you will win
heaven; conquer and you enjoy sovereignty of the earth, therefore stand up
determined to fight. The man dwelling on senses objects develops attachment
from them, and he who lacks determination is devoid of the faith, and is at the
same time possessed by doubts who is lost to the spiritual path. For the
doubting soul there is neither this world nor the world beyond, nor even
happiness.
Sensibility leads a
man towards abnormality, but in sensibility lead a man towards crime. Certainly
you are not a criminal as you can very well digested. Man generally forgets
anything effecting superficially to his psychology, but once he has been
attached to his ultimately he becomes the burn which is not easy to discharged
in ordinary process. Then he adopts, either forgiveness to his weakness or
synthesised his best to see his face in mirror, which may perchance leads to
happiness.
Trafficking in
doubtful claims, one of the least attractive phase of litigation in this
country, which find no encouragement in such a system, while the right of the
creditors are postcode with a jealously not less scrupulous than that which we
find in the system with which we are more familiar. The order of lawyers are
conservative by instinct and there are not a few who believe not only in the
necessity but in the absolute sacredness of every technical rule, however
unreasonable, and who see nothing but peril in innovations, however beneficial.
The lawyers are always having perplexed with fear of change. He knoweth not the
law who knoweth not the reason there of, therefore, it is not advisable to live
in cloistered seclusion, detached from the world and all its pursuits. If you
are ever tempted to join in the fierce hunt after the vulgar prizes of the
world, remember that after all. That accretes and frets his hour upon the
stage, and then is heard no more.
“There is a land in
the present age,
Where the people live
in graves
Liberty, freedom all
unknown,
Service and be
slaves.
The people are living
in free past glory of their own as an outright, beggars would had sung, Well
once upon a time. I was a king
When such of the
attitude of the people
How can they get the
freedom,
Least to talk of
liberty.
Yet a certain day may
come
When the people will
hum
In the orchard of
freedom
Taste the juice of
liberty”.
(Not
hearsay, not gossip, not publicity, but action.)
This is an alarming situation which spell out the
gravity and further invite peoples co-ordination to formulate public opinion to
fight through the policy of non- co-operation which has provided the
independence from the British rule by our leader Mahatma Gandhi .
“Every day that comes
and goes,
every mile the river
flows,
says to me and
say to you,
much there is to
learn and do,
for the water and the
day,
no more will pass this way”.
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